What Is Astrology :: essays research papers

What Is star divinationAstrology is the study of planetary influences and their need on the world andeverything in it. Astrology is usually limited to human beings--their spirit,and their affairs, although a chart can be drawn up for just about any event.The horoscope is a blue chump or pattern of the solar system cast for aparticular moment of time. It is from this that the astrologer bases theinterpretation or delineation as indicated by the nature of the sun, moon, andplanets.The natal horoscope is a chart drawn at the moment of birth to see andunderstand the nature and makeup of the nous of the newborn as it takes hearth in the physical vehicle or body. The human soul is a focal point ofcosmic energy, and the pattern of the heavens, as charted in the horoscope, isthe means the soul comes to know itself and its destiny.Astrology points the way to soul development and growth. The souls strengthsand weaknesses be noted in the horoscope. Life is an opportunity given to soulfor further enhancement.Because the heavens are in constant motion, and because this motion is quiteordered and exact, it is possible to project the positions of the sun, moon, andplanets for any given time. Astrologers use this information to draw-up ahoroscope and forecast the "influences" that will affect the soul at that time.Astrologers usually do not predict actual events in the future. They can onlysay what might happen, or could happen, but not what will happen--much like aweather forecast although many psychics do make predictions, and astrology isthe tool they use to focus their abilities.Another common frolic of astrology is the comparison of birth charts toascertain the compatibility of two people. This is a straightforward method usedby over-laying one chart upon the other. The aspects or angles formed by theplanets are then analyzed to determine how the energy fields of each personblend together.

Vengeance of the Gods :: essays research papers

What is an epos? An epic is an extended narrative poem recounting actions, travels, adventures, and heroic episodes and is written in a high style. The Odyssey, by mark, is in spades one of the greatest classic epics known to man. This tale contains numerous epic elements such as in media res or in the middle of things to clutch the readers attention and make the reader keep edition to get the full story. throughout the story, Homer included the epic element of presage intervention where the gods play a role in the outcome of actions of mortals. The theme of hospitality to strangers is also present in this celebrated epic. The Odyssey is worthy of being an epic because of these three conventions.Homer uses the epic element in media res to pull the reader in by starting in the middle of the story. The reader is thusly filled in by flashbacks or the main character re-telling his tale. By using this convention, Homer keeps the reader curious and interested and makes the reader kee p reading until he or she finishes understanding the whole plot. In The Odyssey, the reader does not know half of Odysseus journey until he enlightens Alkinoos and Arte as to what events took organize before he was washed ashore on Kalypsos Island. The reader always expects for the story to go directly to Odysseus, but instead the story follows the gods. Homer used in media res to show respect to the gods by starting the story In the bright hall of Zeus (I. 42). The author depicts conservation amidst Zeus and Athena about the fate of Odysseus to show that the gods always come first even before the main character. Homer uses the curiosity of the reader to his return by starting out Odysseus desire journey home in media res.Divine intervention is another major component of this epic. At the beginning, Homer determined the role of the gods to determine the fate of Odysseus. With this Athena left him/ as a bird rustles upward, off and gone. / But as she went she put new spirit in h im, / a new dream of his father (I. 368-371). Without the involvement of the grey-eyed goddess Athena, Telemakhos would never have gain the courage to journey out into the world to find the fate of his father. Throughout the epic, Athena appears on earth disguised as everything from a little girl to Odysseuss old friend Mentor to spin Odysseuss long journey home.

Over Population Essay -- essays research papers

The population of our planet will quickly reach a point where at that place will not be adequate amount of resources to support life on Earth. Population control must be enforced to avoid much(prenominal) a catastrophic occurrence. Many economic, social and environmental problems are either affiliated with or are increased due to overpopulation. With an exponentially increasing knowledge domain population, the problems created by overpopulation grow correspondingly. In order to stabilize the massive population, the world must work together to maintain population stability. One of the main reasons is due to the fact that Man treats his surroundings, for example like his land, his environment, his atmosphere, his waters and other life forms as merely objects. Man utilizes, destroys and discards them when hes finish. If Man does not paying attention his planet, there will be nothing left except for a dead, barren wasteland. We must act soon or better yet, now. The earth does not ha ve enough resources to supply the current enormous population growth. In many areas, there is simply not enough food to feed the ontogeny populations. 150 million children in the world suffer from poor health due to food shortages. Alongside with food, there is another resource that cannot keep up with the increasing population, that is water. Our supply of fresh water is very essential to life and limited. Eventhough, our earth is covered with 2/3 of water and 1/3 land, converting flavor water to fresh water can be expensive. In additi...

Structure in Oedipus Rex Essay -- Oedipus the King Oedipus Rex

Structure in Oedipus Rex M. H. Abrams says that almost all literary theorists since Aristotle have emphasized the importance of structure, conceived in diverse ways, in analyzing a spring of literature (300). The matter of the structure of Sophocles Oedipus Rex is a subject of varying interpretation among literary critics, as this essay will reveal. In A Great spokespersons Reflections on Oedipus the King, Gilbert Murray, professor at Oxford University in England, cites structure as one of the reasons why he chose Oedipus Rex as a work of exposition On the whole, I can only say that the work of translation has made me feel even more strongly than before the extraordinary entrance and reality of the dialogue, the deftness of the construction, and . . . the unbroken crescendo of calamity from the opening to the close (105). . . . But Sophocles worked by blurring his structural outlines just as he blurs the ends of his verses. In him the tralatitious divisions are all made l ess distinct, all worked over the direction of greater naturalness. . . .This was a very great gain. . . .(107) Murrays appreciation of the crescendo of tragedy in Oedipus Rex is echoed in the sentiments of another critic In Oedipus Tyrannus Tragic valiancy and the Limits of Knowledge, Charles Segal says that the protagonist fares well in the first series of tests, but declines towards his cataclysm in the second series The first three tests are, respectively, Oedipus meetings with Creon, Teiresias, and then Creon again. In each case he is pursuing the killer as someone whom he assumes is other than himself. . . . The second series begins with Jocasta and continues with the Corinthian messeng... ...Terms, 7th ed. New York Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 1999. Murray, Gilbert. A Great Translators Reflections on Oedipus the King. In Readings on Sophocles, change by Don Nardo. San Diego, CA Greenhaven Press, 1997. Owen, E. T. Drama in Sophocles Oedipus Tyrannus. In Twentieth Century Interpretations of Oedipus Rex, edited by Michael J. OBrien. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968. Segal, Charles. Oedipus Tyrannus Tragic Heroism and the Limits of Knowledge. New York Twayne Publishers, 1993. Sophocles. Oedipus Rex. Transl. by F. Storr. no pag. http//etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/browse-mixed new?tag=public&images=images/modeng&data=/texts/english/modeng/parsed&part=0&id=SopOedi Van Nortwick, Thomas. Oedipus The Meaning of a Masculine Life. Norman, OK University of Oklahoma Press, 1998.

The Wife of Bath Essay examples -- Essays Papers

THE WIFE OF BATH In the Wife of Baths Prologue, she begins her introduction by telling the other pilgrims that she has experience because she has been marry five time. She believes more in experience rather than in written authority (that is , in texts written by men). The Wife of Bath argues with virginity Where can ye saye in any manere age that hye God defended mariage by expres word? I praye you, telleth me. Or Where comanded he virginitee? Norton,118 She asks where in the bible is virginity commanded? If God condemned virginity, there would be no children, and no population For hadde God comanded maidenhede, Thanne hadde he dampned wedding with the deede And certes, if there were no seed ysowe, Virginitee, thanne wherof sholde it growe? Norton,118 She then says how she is not jealous of virgin women, and how she always has her man in her bed. The Pardoner, hearing this, interrupts her in disgust and tells her how he has been thinking about marriage but now is fortun ate that he is a single guy. The Wife of Bath then tells the other pilgrims what has happened to her five husbands. She says, Tho housbonds that I hadde, As 3 of hem were goode, and two were badde. The three men were goode, and riche, and oldeNorton,121. In other words, the first three husbands were good to her they were old and had money to take care of her. The fourth husband she had no control over. He was a reveler who loved to party. The Wife of Bath has a problem with him because he has a mistress. To get even with him, she tries to make him jealous. She torments him so much in life that she prays he is now in heaven. The fifth husband she truly loved but there was one problem he was abusiveNorton,128. The Wi... ...to practise the man as well as to divorce him. In many households, you can also see the husband cleaning, cooking, and taking care of the children. Most of the married couples now share chores around the house. They respect as well as help each other during difficulties of life. Women can now raise children, educate them and check them to a good life without the monetary support of the husband. As we can see, times have changed for the better. I must say some things restrained pick up improvement. Some men are still old fashioned and think they can control and look down on their wife. Some men still do not think a woman should have power in court, at home or in the office. Men believe that a womans place is in the home. What do you think?Works Cited Abrams, M.H. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. NewYork W.W. Norton &Company, Inc., 1993

The Wife of Bath Essay examples -- Essays Papers

THE WIFE OF BATH In the Wife of Baths Prologue, she begins her introduction by telling the other pilgrims that she has experience because she has been married quintuplet time. She believes to a greater extent in experience rather than in written authority (that is , in texts written by men). The Wife of Bath argues with virginity Where crapper ye saye in any manere get on with that hye divinity defended mariage by expres word? I praye you, telleth me. Or Where comanded he virginitee? Norton,118 She asks where in the bible is virginity commanded? If God condemned virginity, there would be no children, and no population For hadde God comanded maidenhede, Thanne hadde he dampned wedding with the deede And certes, if there were no seed ysowe, Virginitee, thanne wherof sholde it growe? Norton,118 She then says how she is not jealous of virgin women, and how she always has her man in her bed. The Pardoner, hearing this, interrupts her in execration and tells her how he has been thinking about marriage but now is glad that he is a single guy. The Wife of Bath then tells the other pilgrims what has happened to her five husbands. She says, Tho housbonds that I hadde, As three of hem were goode, and two were badde. The three men were goode, and riche, and oldeNorton,121. In other words, the first three husbands were good to her they were old and had silver to take care of her. The fourth husband she had no control over. He was a reveler who love to party. The Wife of Bath has a problem with him because he has a mistress. To get even with him, she tries to make him jealous. She torments him so much in life that she prays he is now in heaven. The fifth husband she truly loved but there was one problem he was abusiveNorton,128. The Wi... ...to pursue the man as well as to divorce him. In many households, you great deal also see the husband cleaning, cooking, and taking care of the children. Most of the married couples now share chores around th e house. They respect as well as help oneself each other during difficulties of life. Women can now raise children, educate them and direct them to a good life without the monetary support of the husband. As we can see, generation have changed for the better. I must say some things still need improvement. Some men are still old fashioned and think they can control and look down on their wife. Some men still do not think a woman should have power in court, at home or in the office. Men believe that a womans place is in the home. What do you think?Works Cited Abrams, M.H. The Norton Anthology of face Literature. NewYork W.W. Norton &Company, Inc., 1993

Advertising Strategies in Sri Lankan Market

FMCG harvesting acetaminophen ad Most of Panadol publicizings be really consistent with tarnish Identity . This advertisement also carries the shit identity sound. When we analysis this advertisement, it is a reinforcement advertisement while educating customers how to use the product. Panadol is mass product but unlike advertizement fly the coops run to attract each segment such as midway class customers, upper class customers, children, elders and approximately sickness and general brand mental synthesis advertisements. Each campaign is non badly affected on the other segment .If we compargon this advertisement with Three wheeler driver and the self-employed fix advertisement we can understand the difference swell up. But all campaigns carry the Brand identity well. This advertisement was tailed upper middle and upper level customers who are educated enough to watch their otc drugs without getting doctors recommendation. Non educated let never do it without aski ng doctor. Brand is more braggy throughout the advertisement. Brand positioning is also well establish in this advertisement. Panadol is trust painkiller for many years in Sri Lanka and people conceptualize it is best solution for small sickness.This advertisement also show the trustiness of happy mother with three children Consumer Insight Consumer sagacity of this acetaminophen advertisement is that the mother is a family knows about her children well than any other person and mothers caring is not compare with anybody else. Our mother knows how lots we eat, how much we drink, what we need, what we wish and dislike and children are so bonded with mother than father. Mothers primary responsibility to care all her children. She is the family member who decide what and how much for each person.This cortical potential is true in majority of Sri Lankan families. Even elder children are depend on their mother. Sometime, even father is depending on mothers opinion for this kind of s ituation. Advertising thought Panadol pauperizationed to use this insight and educate customer to use Panadol as OTC drug for their children without doctors prescription. But receivable to it is drug, they should use the consummate dos geezerhood. Therefore , the person who gives medicine for children should be well aware about this. And Mother is the perfect person for this. However, she should follow the age and weight of child to decide the dosage.With panadol box images advertisement well relieve the dosage and benefits of the product.. Relevance to Brand and the Consumer It is relevance to brand and consumer both. By educating target customers how to use it as OTC drug, they can achieve the brand targets . it is the perfect way to use the panadol for children. We know for sure, for elders, two panadol is enough. But for children, the ml dosage is varying with the age and weight. Some mothers just do it as doctor prescribe only. But if you know the age and weight we can do it ourselves. This advertisement carry this mental object to consumer.Every mother knows the age of her children and weight with immunization record book. Further weight measurement for toddler and kids are primary responsibility of mothers. Therefore it is difficult to influence the message and consumer or parents are more confidence about what they give to her child. theatrical role of Symbols and Colors Panadol is a mass product and their advertising campaigns are targeted for each segment. This advertisement was for middle, upper level customers , specially educated mothers to reinforce the brand. They are more forward to take own decision. The mother of the advertisement shows the target merchandise well.Environment of the advertisement school childrens water bottle, and the star sign environment shows the target market precisely. Orange, red and mixed yellow has used to keep the brand constancy of brand colors. And blue, pink and green used to juicylight the children for water bottles. Kitchen, and rack of medicine also indicate the middle and upper level consumers Product and brand is well established in the advertisement. Mother ( model ) is giving high attention to bottle of Panadol and box of panadol is highly accentuate with the brand. That means brand and the product is the hero of the advertisement.Consumer study and Involvement It is a cognitive learning for consumers. They crap to understand how to use the product. Before give panadol for little children ( specially infants and kids) mother or parents should know about exact dosage for their child. With the growth of child, dosage is changing. The chart of the box of Panadol well rationalize it and advertisement also try to get attention to that by high lighting three age limits with different dosage. This product is low affaire product. customer do not need or research extensively before buying panadol. It is OTC drug more similar to FMCG products.However this advertisement is not richly emotional ad to create emotional feeling of customers.. It is educating customer to think before use Panadol for children by showing how to use panadol for different age. Customer insight is used to bring the emotional feeling with showing mothers day today living extend to caring her children. Suggestions to Improve Overall this Panadol advertisement is dandy enough to educate target customers to use the correct dosage for children and it is mx of rational and emotional advertisement. However there are some(a) improvements can be suggested as well.The model they use for mother is not preciously matching to target audience. If a mother has three children, she should be 30 plus ( average). And this model is too young for the real mother position. They have not use three children there. But use three water bottles and some cartoon dolls to explain about three children. They could use three children from different age limit with situation where they can use Panadol before fir ing to doctor consultation. Such as small increase in temperature etc. Durable Product Singer wash Machine Buying a Washing Machine is a high involvement decision and Singer has done it is other way around.By using customer insight, they have convert this high involvement rational decision to low involvement and more convenience product similar to FMCG product as a gift giving with a storm to wife. This advertisement is embolden the middle level consumers to buy a washing machine with easy payment option. Consumer Insight In Asian culture including Sri Lanka , middle class house wives are more indirect demanders. They never asking what they need from husband but to expect husband to understand all her necessarily and fulfill. House wife do all the home work and husband take the responsibility for earning and spending too.Sometimes Spending will do together. But due to wife is not earning, she is more towards to other way. However, every women love to have many electronic items at her home even though it is necessary or not. If we look at middle income level houses, ladies are more towards collecting those durable items. Advertising Idea This advertisement has used this insight of women and the culture to encourage men to think about their wives and fulfill their needs to have mend family life. Advertisement shows the difficulty of women face at home which is not always panoptical to husbands due to they are away from home day time.But wife do great job with caring the come. However, middle income level people do not have the affordability for a washing machine. That is the main reason that wife also not demanding such expensive item, even though she love to have one. Advertisement plead the solution by offering easy payment option. Relevance to Brand and the Consumer Signer is not a premium brand but offer durable products. Therefore depending only on high income earners will not enough and all companies and brands who are in the industry is expending the target market with different approaches.Easy payment option is the best method to encourage this segment. It clearly explained the relevance of product and brand showing the requirement of the product for clothes cleaning. From the crest of customer also, it is highly relevant. We all need to clean our clothes and when the number of family members is increasing, this is a major task of house wifes everyday life. Use of Symbols and Colors This advertisement try to use symbols and colors to convey the message well keeping the brand identity too. To demonstrate the middle income level family they have use the urban flat house. The seriousness of washing and leaning is showing with extended family, wife, husband, one child and grand father too. House wife is well demonstrate, she is cleaning clothes alone and preparing meals and serving to family members. All others are waiting on dining table. Color usage of the advertisement is not very much effective. Blue, yellow and red used f or clothes, but it is not consisted with the Singer Brand. To demonstrate the consumer insight, they have used the grandfather to create the credibility of the insight ( Ganu Kawada da hitha Kiwwe) Brand and the product is well established. The need of product is highly emphasizing.Showing the actual product and the brand, advertisement try to get the attention from viewers for the brand and product Consumer Learning and Involvement This area is debatable in this advertisement. Normally durable products are high involvement decision making and consumer learning also high. It should be cognitive learning of how to use, benefits, features etc. However , this advertisement is created based on totally consumer insight mention to a higher place arose the emotional feeling of consumers to think about house wife. Cognitive learning on this advertisement is to think about, how women think and their expectations.It is persuade to buy the product with easy payment system Suggestions to Impro ve As explained above , even though this is durable product, it has gone as low involvement product and use the consumer insight of surprising wife with gift giving. It is no argue, this insight is great to influence consumers. However, due to this is not a product which is just use and remove, it should be selected care goody. That message is not deliver through this advertisement. If it can explain the features of benefits, it will be more benefits for their buying decisions. It just say about easy payment method, but customer has to research about it.In that case it is high involvement decision. Further , they should use color in theme to distinguish the brand from other competitor brands. Because easy payment method is not a unique method for them, it is common to all other competitors too. They could use some nice song or music to remind the brand. Service Advertisement Janashakthi upright Option Janashakthi full Option advertising campaign is encouraging customers to use the full option insurance policy which bundle some additional dish outs. This campaign is corporate marketing communication campaign and Press advertisement is one medium which is extending from TV commercializeds.They have taken one last part of the TV commercial and emphasis the avails they offer. Consumer Insight This entire campaign has built based on some unexpected difficulties in real life such as days without having daily income is more difficult, unexpected happing at special movement is really embarrassing our lives etc. Advertising Idea This entire advertising campaign based on this insight, when we have difficulties and missing something, our lives are not complete and we are not comfortable as well. Unexpected situations in life whitethorn not be avoided.We should have backup plans to recognise it easy when we face such a situation and insurance is one way to do it. Janashakthi full option offers some benefits to make customers life easy and great. Relevance to Brand and the Consumer Getting customer attention is very important for Brand and the product, motor insurance is highly competitive and need to keep consumers top of awareness is really value. This advertisement is reminding target customers having Full Option policy will make their life easy and great. Consumer also understand the need of insurance policy other than legal requirement. Happiness due to easy life is matter for everyone.Use of Symbols and Colors system of symbols to demonstrate the idea is great. They have taken the car rental driver went for wedding hire which is really important. Typical driverhas taken and insurance agents friendly service is well demonstrate with gentleman having hands on drivers shoulders. Wedding car demonstrate the importance of the service. Color usage is really good by associating brand colors which is Yellow and Black. Logo and brand name is well establish, brand is hero not the models on ad. Services are well noted and contact number given for more information gathering. Consumer learning and involvementConsumer learning is just to get the fear of facing bit embarrassing situations and having the service remove their fears with happy face. Getting a motor insurance policy is little high involvement decision and they need to look at the core out benefits and additional benefits they gain before take the policy. However, advertisement is not rational cognitive learning encouragement. It is feel advertisement with emotion and rational combination. Suggestions to Improve due to Press advertisement, they could give more information to evaluate the service. Press is not like TV commercials creating great emotional feeling.Press is great to educate customers. When we look at this press advertisements, they just mention the services they offer and no much information given. Customer learning is less and if they need, they have to call and get the information. It is better to list the services with some good information to enco urage customer to think and evaluate the service. Further this explain only one situation to make the fear on target customers, however, by using graphics , they could create different situations where we face difficult in real life. Combination of TV commercials. If they want to make only emotional appeal. It is the best way.

Characters in Lord of the Flies Essay

The baron struggle, egocentric and superstition in society nowadays is ruining human relationships and Golding shows this by means of his offices in Lord of the Flies. Through the characters Jack, Roger and Ralph, Golding shows this interaction. Jack symbolises the struggle and silent fight for power over other people, Roger represents people who easily gives up in relationships and walk away and Ralph helps demonstrate mans reliance on appearance to create and keep relationships. The island emphasises these relations and shows Goldings view of relations among people.The relationships between humankind is emphasised throughout the reinvigorated, and Golding has given his views on these relations through characters in the novel. Jack is a very strong, dominant character who feels the need to gain favorable position over everyone else to feel power and control. He represents the power and hunger for dominance over others and Jack shows this through scaring others and demanding them to do jobs that put Jack on apex which is emphasising the silent fight for dominance in human relationships today.Jack says I ought to be chief because Im chapter chorister and head boy. I and sing C sharp. This narcisstic dialogue shows how Jack wants escalate the idea of how important and better he is than Ralph and all the other buys, by saw this he is showing the boys how oft better he is and scaring him with his range of talents. This affects the way that the reader understands and develops Jacks character which then shows his egotistic approach to dominance over the other boys. Golding is employ the character Jack and his silent fight for dominance over the boys to show how society is constantly trying to gain superiority in relationships. This is showing how the power struggle in society is ruining human relationships.Roger in Lord of the Flies is a character developed by Golding to comment of how humans withal easily give up on relationships. Roger throughout the novel develops into one of the savage followers of Jack, which brings out and dramatises the human characteristics and actions in relationships. Piggy died by cosmos hit by a falling boulder that was pushed from the side of a cliff by Roger. This action of pushing the boulder to stop Piggy public lecture and complaining is how Golding showed us how human relationships are easily given up. storm of soundincantation of hatredRoger, with a sense of delirious abandonment, leaned all his incubus on the lever.This imagery and hyperbolic language emphasises how Roger found the easy way to duck the relationship all the boys had with Piggy as they were in a disagreement. The imagery gives a picture which makes the reader feel the tension and the hyperbolic language helps emphasise the tone of aggression that humans use today to escape relationships easily. Golding has used the character Roger to show the intolerance in relationships in society today, which is running human relationships. There are many purposes to Ralphs character in Lord of the Flies, one is that he gives a emphasised view on mans reliance on appearance to create and keep relationships. In the beginning of the novel when the boys first arrive on the island they elect Ralph instead of Jack because of his appearance and characteristic demeanour, this reflects the attitudes of humans in society today. Golding describes Ralph through the perspective of the boys by saying could see not that he might make a boxer, as far as width and heaviness of shoulders, this imagery and comparison to the features needed to be an athlete gives the reader an image of what Ralph would look like and why he is looked up to by the other boys. This means the boys would rather have a conk out good looking leader that they would aspire to be like, which is close to the way many people decide on their relationships with others. This is what Golding is trying to show through the character Ralph that in society human relationsh ips are becoming ruined by creating relationships based on the appearance of others.Golding uses the characters in Lord of the Flies to demonstrate the power-struggle, intolerance and dependence on appearance to create and keep relationships. This is through Jacks power struggle over the other boys, Rogers intolerance towards Piggy and how through the boys choosing Ralph to be their chief in the early hours of landing on the island it shows how his strong, built appearance was more appealing that Jack which demonstrates how appearances have a big stamp on human relationships.

Building High Performance Team In A Minute Essay

When working with a group or a company, the most expected mantra recited is be a police squad player in order give for the organizations accomplishment of all its goals and objectives. To quote, Someone may be great at his or her job, maybe til now the best there forever was. But what counts at work is the organizations success, not personal success. After all, if your organization fails, it does not matter how great you were you are just as unemployed as everyone else (Johnson, Kantner & Kikora, 1990).This is why Kenneth Blanchard decided to jack up his One fleck Manager book series by coming up with something that ordain focus on teamwork, which is The One Minute Manager Builds High Performing Teams (1990, revised 2000). With Eunice Parisi-Carew, Blanchard tackles in this book the in-depth dynamics of team structure and the most reward interactions of each team members. Blanchard hopes that, by reading the book, participants of these work groups will gain a clearer understan ding of how their teams may function at optimal levels.As a prominent author, speaker and business consultant, Kenneth Blanchard is often described as one of the most insightful, powerful and compassionate gurus in the business world. Blanchard is chairman of Blanchard Training and training Inc., a management consulting and training company which he founded in 1979. He co-authored four books in the One Minute Manager series that collectively sell more than nine million copies and have been translated into more than 20 languages.Also, he has regularly appeared on popular television news and business programs in the US and has been featured in leading magazines such as Time and US News. This is why if somebody has enough expertise on how teams can be make effective, Blanchard has definitely the authority to discuss how teams work to become high performing and achieve excellence for the organization.Noted for his leadership approach that promotes self-esteem and self charge by dint of a clear and structured approach to making people accountable for their behavior, Blanchard emphasized that people who feel respectable about themselves produce good results and appeal is based on applying techniques that take only one minute to apply. Whats most relevant in e One Minute Manager Builds High Performing Teams (2000) is that the authors presented seven characteristics of the perform model that identified the desired behaviors of an effective team Purpose. Team members are clear about what the teams work is and why it is important. Empowerment. Members are confident about the teams ability to overcome obstacles and to realize its vision. Relationship and communication. The team is committed to consecrate communication, and members feel that they can state their opinions, thoughts and feelings without fear. Flexibility. Members are flexible and perform different tasks and maintenance functions as needed. Optimal productivity. High-performing teams produce significan t results, due to a committal to high standards and quality results. Recognition and appreciation. Individual and team accomplishments are frequently recognized by the team leader as well as team members by celebrating milestones, accomplishments and events. Morale. Members are enthusiastic about the teams work, and each person feels pride in being a team member (p. 9-16).At 106 pages, this book is not a heavy read and filled with fictionalized dialogue to establish concrete examples. Also, this book interestingly explains the developmental stages a team goes through on their quest in becoming high-performing and self-directed.Emphasizing on the group dynamics, the authors easily described how an effective leader or educator can do steer the team that will empower individual members to contribute their creative ideas and talents to attain the common goal accomplishing the teams mission. In the work environment, teams chance to focus on tasks or solve problems that are beyond th e capacity of one individual.With this type of set-up that allow creative and innovative juices to flow through the perpetual sharing of information, people could appropriate division of labor among the members of the team can lead to more effective, more efficient and less stressful workplace. Their high levels of action with regards to quantity, quality, and timeliness of work results can contribute to their sense of satisfaction, addressing a psychological and motivational need.With incessant exposure to each other, team members and their superiors could ascertain whether they have a team that can continue working together with synergy or their togetherness poses a detrimental effect on their output and interrelationships. Thus, with the help of this book, managers, leaders and even parents can make most of their teams to have a wider perspective of the processes and a detailed coverage of the activities that occur and address what needs to be improved in their respective organ izations.

Dell 4p’s of the Marketing Mix Essay

Introduction of dell Inc.dell Inc. is a multinational technology corporation that develops, manufactures, sells, and supports personal computing machine and other computer related- yields. dingle Inc. based in Round Rock, Texas. dell Inc. employs to a greater extent(prenominal) than 82,700 people foundingwide. dingle Inc. grew during the 1980s and 1990s to be diminish (for a time) the largest seller of PCs and servers. As of 2008 it held the second spot in computer sales within the industry behind HP. The keep company currently sells personal computers, servers, data storage devices, ne devilrk switches, softwargon and computer peripherals. Dell Inc. too sells HDTVs that ar manufactured by other brands. In 2006, Fortune Magazine ranked Dell Inc. as the 25th-largest company in the Fortune 500 list, 8th on its annual Top 20 list of the most admired companies in the United States, In 2007 Dell Inc. ranked 34th and 8th respectively on the equivalent lists for the year. A 2006 i dentified Dell Inc. as wizard of 38 high-performance companies in the S&P 500 which had consistently out-performed the market over the previous 15 years.HistoryBackground and OriginsWhile a student at the University of Texas at Austin in 1984, Michael Dell founded the company as PCs particular with capital of $1000.5 Operating from Michael Dells off-campus dorm-room at Dobie Center 1, the startup aimed to sell IBM PC-compatible computers built from stock components. Michael Dell started trading in the belief that by interchange personal computer-systems directly to customers, PCs Limited could better understand customers need and provide the most effective computing solutions to meet those needs. Michael Dell dropped out of school in order to focus full-time on his fledgling business, after getting about $300,000 in expansion-capital from his family.Dell Inc.s Marketing 4PFrom the successful selling of the range of products being offered by Dell Inc, especi entirelyy the quick increase of the sales of Dell Laptop, other than the constituted brand name and the reputation of Dell Inc. worldwide, part of the success factors give notice be attributed to the successful merchandise driving force by Dell Inc. In this assignment, we willing be doing a seek on the Marketing 4Ps Mix (product, advancement, price, surface) being implemented by Dell Inc to market the range of home users laptops. picPRODUCTAs for the case study of Dell Inc, the point on product expense highlighting is that, the vision and mission of setting up the company itself, is to figure out and conform to IT consumers needs, want, and demands. The original idea of setting up the company by Michael Dell, the founder of Dell Inc, is to eliminate the retailer and sell directly to the consumer. To quote Michael Dell, he tell this before, as a customer, I was disappointed that when Iwent to a computer store, the salespeople didnt really spang about computers. This makes that Michael Del l has had the vision and commitment of gather the IT consumers needs, wants and demands, which is the essence of a product means to consumers. The above paragraphs summed up the commitment of Dell Inc.s to solve IT consumers needs, wants and demands, which in and of itself is an excellent product merchandising. Dells Laptops/ NotebooksFrom the above diagram, it set ups the each category of Dells laptops for home users caters for different home users with different needs and wants. Guides and Assistance Provided by Dell Inc. In acquire its Laptops For the potential procureers of Dells laptops, they are provided with disembowel and assistance in the process of selecting and purchase laptops. Below are the guides and assistance being provided by Dell Inc for its potentiallaptop buyers (1) Customize Yours getDell Inc offers the Customize Yours feature, this feature help with the laptop buyers to build their own laptops, yes, literally building their own laptops, they crapper ch oose on their own the notebook colour kit, processor, operating system, warranty and service, display size, memory, hard drive, optical drive, video card, audio solution, wireless network card, Bluetooth device, USB rail line for printer, batteries, power option, keyboard, service, Datasafe Backup Service. The options for each feature and accessory come with a stated price, while the basic feature is imposed no extra charges, as they are already included in the quotes price. Only upgraded and added-value features and accessories come with extra charges.After the laptop buyers built the laptops that fit exactly what they are looking for, they tramp review the laptop, thither will be a list shown on any specification of the laptops they have built before adding to the cart. Also, the price for every component, feature and specification being picked by the buyer are stated clearly when the buyers are reviewing the laptop they built. This customize yours feature in and of itself is a n effective marketing, as the buyers can buy exactly what they are looking for, without buying something that comes with the package that they are actually not looking for, but they have to pay for it just to buy the package. This customize yours shows that the home users laptops Dell Inc offers provide solutions to consumers needs and wants, which is the essence of a marketing offer.(2) Help Me engage featureThe picture above shows the Help Me Choose feature being offered to assist with laptop buyers on the Dell Online Store. As we can see the this feature gives detailed development to buyers in order to guide them through the purchasing process by furnishing them the information regarding the products, the specifications of the products, the financing and payments options, the access to Dell stores and retailer, the term of laptops, the awards won by Dell laptops, the reviews by Dell laptops customers, and as well as the online buying guide. This feature ensures the potential buyers can buyexactly the laptops that fit their needs, at the same time, this feature excessively makes the potential and actual buyers know more than in-depth of the laptops Dell Inc offers, this in turn would make the buyers patronizing Dell Inc in future when they need another type of laptops, as they already have the information on the wide range of features and specification being offered by Dell Inc.(3) determine Your Selection featureThis Narrow Your Selection feature helps with the buyers to be more specific with what they want. When comes to a broad array of selection, buyers are often being not able to make up their headland in choosing which model to purchase. This is when this Narrow Your Selection comes into help to the buyers. The buyers can have a look on the each range of product that are being categorized into a more specific that might interest them rather than being confused on which one to purchase.ConclusionFrom the above information regarding the commitmen t of Dell Inc in offering laptops that fit each and every users needs, the features and specifications of Dells home user laptops, and also the purchasing process guides and assistance. These all come to one conclusion Dell Inc custom-builds a laptop that fits each and every customers needs, wants and demands. This effort in and of itself is a brilliant product marketing st estimategy. forward motionIn terms of procession, Dell Inc. not only launches and implements one-time event such as road-show or advertising when immature products come out, but Dell Inc commits to incessantly promote and make-known its products to the market. Dell Inc. does not practice aggressive selling in order just to increase sales transactions, but focuses on colossal-term promotion effort through (1) supporting its customers continuously, (2) giving effective and efficient after-sales services, and (3) conducting a customer review and feedback mechanism. (4) Contributing in charities. (1)Dell Inc.s C ontinuous and Long-Term progressionLong-term customer support system and feedback mechanism in and of itself arethe best promotion tools. The followings are the customer support systems and feedback mechanism being spring by Dell Inc in its long-term effort in giving its customers value and satisfaction.(a) Dell ConnectIn mid 2007, Dell Inc introduced a new tool and technology, named Dell Connect. Dell Connect is an online technology that enables the tech staff to connect to the customers computer and fix problems on the spot or show the customers how to do it. For IT products such as laptops, after-sales service would be one of the primary concerns to customers, as laptops need regular and frequent services, updates, and upgrades. Hence, Dell Connect would be an attractive feature in promoting its laptops to the market.(b) Idea StormOn February 16, 2007, the company rolled out IdeaStorm, which is a forum for users to brainstorm what works, what does not and what new features they would want to see introduced. Here to quote Michael Dell We take the customers input and design the products and services. Rather than telling the customers and the market what new products and ideas that Dell Inc has come out with, Dell Inc gives the customers and the market to have a say on the input and design. When the customers and the market have some say, they will feel being considered and treasured, which in turn Dell Inc succeeds in delivering customer delight. This in and of itself is a promotion of Dell Inc.(c) Customer Product ReviewsFor each and every model of Dells laptops, there will be a forum for its existing customers who bought the particular laptop model to write their own product reviews, they can also rate the laptop model in terms of quality, features, and value. Other than that, they can comment on the pros and cons of the particular laptop model. The customers are also allowed to give any additional thoughts that they have regarding the laptop model. Thi s customer product review in and of itself is similar to word-of-mouth marketing.This marketing approach is many times powerful than any marketingplans. As what a customer says is has much more influence and carries more impact on the companys reputation and image rather than what an advertisement says. How the previous and existing customers perceive a company and product can influence a companys position in a market place to a large extent. As so, Dell Incs decision of allowing the customers to write the product reviews shows that Dell Inc is confident on its laptops and proves Dell Incs integrity and transparency, at the same time, hence, the customer product reviews written by the customers act as a marketing tool itself. (2) Dells effort on almsgiving contribution(a) Dell participation in PRODUCT (RED) SchemePRODUCT RED is a worldwide charity intent that runs with the vision of eliminating AIDS in Africa Continent. This charity concept operates by getting the contribution fr om the sales of signature products of top brands in the world, like American Express, Apple, Converse, Emporio Armani, Gap, Hallmark, Starbucks, and etc. And Dell Inc. is one of the participants among them. Dell will be selling computers as part of the PRODUCT (RED) scheme. According to the press release, one hundred percent of the funds contributed from the purchase of a Dell (RED) computer under the scheme goes to the Global Fund, the charity supported by PRODUCT (RED).The amount of money contributed depends on the product purchased $80 is donated for each screen background purchased, $50 for each notebook and $5 for each (relatively inexpensive) printer. Dell Inc.s participation in the PRODUCT (RED) actually proves 2 things (1) Dell Inc. is concern for the world and socials well-being, Dell Inc.s effort in its social marketing campaigns is a promotion of Dell Inc. itself.(3) Collaboration With Local Newspaper commove for Brochure DistributionLocally in Malaysia, Dell Inc distri butes its brochures through the Tuesday Star In-Tech, which is a weekly issue on latest news and updates on technology that comes with every The Star report bought. This approach of distributing the brochures to the public is an effective and efficient strategy for the following reasons (1) The Star newspaper is the best-selling English Newspaper in Malaysia, (2) The brochure comes with theTuesday Star In-Tech, which is the favorite for regular IT consumers, is more specific in targeting markets with higher potential of purchasing its products, (3) The brochure distribution through the sales of newspaper is one of the most effective way of reaching the mass public, thus creating an product awareness in the market once a new product being introduced into the market. The above points show that Dell Inc.s promotion effort in letting the mass public and the market in getting know about their products in an effective only not a cost-consuming approach as the brochures printing and dist ribution costs would be insignificant to a large corporation like Dell Inc.ConclusionFrom the above observation and research on Dell Inc.s overall promotion effort, it is shown that Dell Inc. has established promotion channels which connects with its existing customers, also, reaches out to the entire market. And those promotion channels are being implemented successfully. PRICEWhen comes to the price of Dells marketing offering, it is worth once again touch on the founder of Dell Inc, Michael Dells authentic vision. At the time that he founded PCs Limited (now Dell Inc), IBM personal computers sold in stores for about $3000, after Michael Dell taking them apart and rebuilding them, he realized that the components could be purchased for one-fourth the price. up to now with added memory, bigger monitors and faster modems, the PCs could tacit be sold at a handsome profit. The philosophy of Dell Inc on pricing decision is simple yet powerful give more benefits with lower prices than others. Means purchasing Dells laptops is a value-for-money and added-value experience. Dells Home Users Laptops PricingIn the research of Dell Incs pricing decisions on its home users laptops, the following points worth highlighting (1) Online Price (discounted) For all the laptops, buyers get a discount if they were to purchase the laptops online. This is a win-win situation for both the customers and Dell Inc. As online selling saves up the retail costs for Dell Inc, as for thecustomers, other than getting discounted price for their laptops, online purchase is incrust free to them, the customers need not to visit the physical Dell Stores to check out the models available, by see the Dell Online Store, the customers can check out all the models available at one glance, only a-click-away. (2) Buy and Pay for only what you want ( Customize Yours feature) The Customize Yours feature that allows the buyers to decide on the almost every specification of the laptops they are going to buy is also a advanced pricing decision by Dell Inc. A case study has been through with(p) to prove the pricing decision of Dell Inc that commits to accommodate consumers needs and wants.Case Study 1The rationale of conducting this case study is to prove Dell Inc makes its effort to offer more different models for even a same price. From the comparison between Dell Inspiron 14 and Dell Inspiron 1525, the price are the same for these two models. Both of the models are more or less the same in terms of performance, the difference is that the size of the screen. Asfor Dell Inspiron 14, the monitor is 14.1 WXGA Display with AntiGlare. As for Dell Inspiron 1525, the monitor is 15.4 widescreen WXGA TFT Display. That means these two models accommodate different customers needs, for those customers that are particular with laptop memory and hard drive space would forgo a bigger screen size and go for Dell Inspiron 14, on the other hand, for customers that looking for a laptop with bigger screen size would not mind buying smaller hard drive space.Hence, both segments of customers can purchase what they want at the price they are willing to pay. This solve one of the biggest market and market offerings problem, some companies offer only one model for one price range, assuming that one size fits all strategy would work, in the end, make the customers paying for what they are not willing to purchase for the sake of purchasing something that comes with the package, for Dells laptops buyers, this situation would not happen. Hence, the price being paying by customers to buy Dells laptops match with the benefits that the customers demand. This pricing strategy saves up customers money at the same time delivering customer satisfactions and expectations.(3) 0% episode SchemeBuyers that purchasing Dells laptops can choose not to make one-off payment but an installation scheme. The good thing about Dells laptop installment scheme is that is a 0% interest scheme. This scheme is consider an assistance to the consumers and contribution to the society as well, as the scheme availability allows those customers that are not able to make full payment upon purchasing to own a laptop by paying through an installment scheme.ConclusionViewing Dell Inc from the perspective of marketing 4Ps in terms of price, one conclusion can be drawn, buying Dells laptops is a value-for-money experience, as Dell Inc offers more benefits for less price, also, customers pay for only what they want exactly. In a nutshell, Dells pricing strategies and decisions make a good marketing plan in terms of price marketing.PLACEDell Inc.s Online StoreAmong the giant IT companies and manufacturers, Dell Inc. is the company thatis the most successful with online selling, facts and figures show that its online sales make up a significant number from its total sales, meaning that Dell Inc sells more through the internet than the traditional retailing method. The online selling and purchasing c oncept is frequent with the young generations and also the tech-savvy. The concept of online store, online selling and purchasing not only penetrates virtually the every corner of the world, so long as there is internet-access, there is access to Dell Inc.s Online Stores. Plus the fact that the purchasing enquiry, the models and specifications selection, and payment methods can be done online, in brief, the A-Z of the purchasing process can be done without the customer physically present at a physical Dell Store, makes Dell Inc reaching out to a worldwide market, and relating with its customers and potential customers directly.According to a survey, alone in the United States, some 65% of American online users now use the internet to shop, and the growth of online shoppers is rapid. Since the rapid development of the digital age and the invention of internet, direct marketing is being highly valued, as some marketers have hailed direct marketing as the marketing model of the next c entury. They envision a day when all buying and selling will involve direct connections between companies and their customers. And what should be highlighted here is that Dell Inc is already on the right track, and being established on the right track. This online store concept give Dell Inc. advantages over other laptops and PCs manufacturers which still operating a traditional retailing or agent distribution. The main advantages include (a) Operating an online store costs much less compared to traditional retailing and agent distribution. (b) The access to online store is always available at anytime and anywhere, so long as there is internet-access.Dell KiosksAlthough the concept of online buying and selling is popular and being used by the wide market, it may still be unappealing to some customers. Some customers are still prefer the idea of visiting a physical retailer store, talk to the salesperson, seeing and touching the products physically, get the feel of the products, in s hort, a traditional purchasing process rather than purchasing the products directly online and have it sent to the door.Dell Inc. is aware of this too, although the company is making huge revenues from it online selling. This means that Dell Inc. is a customer-oriented company, which strives to cater for every customer needs and wants, also, accommodates the exchange experiences which are comfortable to each customer. Dell Inc.s effort in setting up the Dell Kiosks, employing the required staffing, and maintaining the trading operations of the Dell Kiosks show that Dell Inc. is committed to make its customers feel at home and their preferences are being valued and not taken lightly.ConclusionIn a nutshell, from the operations of both Dell Online Store and the physical Dell Kiosks, they are successful in terms of customers access, enquiry availability, and customers convenience. These show Dell Inc.s success in its place marketing strategy.CONCLUSIONDell Inc.s strategies on it marke ting mix 4Ps are in good alignment and working cross-functionally, all the areas are synergizing and supporting one another in term of product, promotion, price and place.ProductA good product is a marketing offering that comes it ways to solve consumers problems and satisfy consumers needs. Dell Inc. not only makes quality products, but the products are also being designed to fit each and every customers needs and want.PromotionDell Inc.s effort on promotion is not only profit-oriented or with the sole aim of boosting sales transactions, but also to make Dell a name that equals to quality product. Thus, Dell Inc.s promotion not only very successful in generating revenues, but also created a lasting impact and an established name in the IT market.PriceDell Inc.s price marketing and pricing decision has fulfilled the presumptuousness of a successful pricing strategy, which giving customers the most by charging them the least, this is one of the most important factors that attributes to Dell Inc. success.PlaceDell Inc.s place marketing gives its customers the most convenient andcomfortable ways to shop with Dells products. Dell Inc. caters for all kinds of shopping experiences that its customers demand for. In overall, Dell Inc.s marketing 4Ps has been very successful, and that there is a point that worth mentioning, its marketing 4Ps is a continuous effort and it continues to make a lasting impact for its company success.

Airline Ticket Prices Essay

An airlines ticket price is determined by several factors to include time of twenty-four hours a consumer wishes to travel, day of the week such as Tuesdays and Thursdays be usually the most affordable days to travel, popular versus non-popular destinations, firstborn class costs more than general class, cost of fuel, competition from otherwise airlines, special factors such as discounts for military, government or corporate personnel, (How Stuff Works, n.d.) Airlines are constantly analyzing how much consumers are willing to have and pushing consumers to pay more. Airlines have used numerous models and computing device programs to manage revenue throughout time. These models and computer programs have become increasingly complex and expensive, over a million dollars. However, these older models and computer programs have been phased out due to the low-fare program that many airlines switched to for a while. Low-fare carriers do have models to manage revenue, but theyre very s imple Prices tend to step up steadily as a flight regard nears, and travelers who want flexibility a refundable ticket, perhaps pay more. (NBC new-fashioneds, 2008)The problem with this marketing of tickets is that locking buckets of seats into specific fares left airlines with empty seats, losing money. (NBC News, 2008) More airlines are victimization bidding wars to sale their tickets, increasing the price of the ticket over time. The highest bidder wins the ticket proving that people will pay for what they want. The new system accommodates the proliferation of new ways to cloud plane tickets, including discounters and online markets such as Priceline and Hotwire, which sell distressed inventory that airlines would otherwise write off. (NBC News, 2008) Now to compare why an airline ticket costs the said(prenominal) from Casper, Wyoming to capital of carbon monoxide, Colorado, and from Denver, Colorado to Orlando, Florida. Logically this makes no sense considering the diffe rence in distance from one location to the other, consumers would assume the ticket from Casper to Denver would be cheaper than the ticket from Denver to Orlando.In the example given Casper, Wyoming to Denver is 280 miles with a four-hour driving time approximating about an hour-long flight compared to driving 1845 miles with a 27 hour drive from Denver, Colorado to Orlando, Florida with flight time of no more than five-hours nonstop. Airline ticketprices generally are not set soley by distance for the most part, there are several factors such as consumer base such as cities that are more popular for business or pleasure trips, operating costs, and competition from other airlines, which leads to supply and demand. When one increases the other decreases. As supply grows, demand diminishes. As does the price for that product. As demand grows, supply diminishes. And price goes up. Its a run low of our market. (Consumerism, 2011) The price is the same due to supply and demand, which is usually set by which type of airlines frequent certain areas, big airlines that fly to both Los Angeles and London from New York face low-fare airline competition on the domestic route, but not the international route, and so they charge far more. (McCartney, WSJ, 2010)The cost curves bear upons airline ticket by pushing airline tickets to the net possible price where an airline will still be able to make a emolument yet permitting consumers to pay the lowest price possible. At the bottom of the curve the business in question achieves productive efficiency, this is where a unit of production is being made for the lowest possible cost. (Rodda, 2012) Airlines have to take operating cost and amenities into consideration when setting ticket prices. Airlines must be able to make a profit when setting ticket prices. By comparing the demand curve with the average total cost curves for each airplane type, the airline can determine which sizing airplane will maximize profits for a given flight. (Kons, n.d.)In summary, as with any product, from airline tickets to gasoline prices consumers have continued to pay the change magnitude fares, so the airlines have become bolder in driving the prices up even further. (Smith, CNNMoney, 2011) Consumers, their desire, need and want for an item or service will always affect supply, demand, and cost curve. Most organizations have the same goal, which is to make a profit while keeping their costumers happy.ReferencesConsumerism (2011, March 4). Supply and Demand Goes Both Ways vanquish Broke Beating Broke. Retrieved May 14, 2013, from http//www.beatingbroke.com/supply-and-demand-goes-both-ways/ How Stuff Works (n.d.). HowStuffWorks How Airlines Work. Retrieved May 14, 2013, from http//science.howstuffworks.com/transport/flight/modern/airline4.htm Kons, A. (n.d.). Understanding the Chaos of Airline Pricing. The Park natesEconomist, 8, 15-29. Retrieved from http//www.iwu.edu/economics/PPE08/alex.pdf McCartney, S. (2010). Deco ding Airline Ticket Costs. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http//www.etopaz.com/news/3/57/Decoding-Airline-Ticket-Costs-WJS-com NBC News (2008, May 8). Inside the mysteries of airline fares Business US business Aviation NBC News. Retrieved May 14, 2013, from http//www.nbcnews.com/id/3073548/ns/business-us_business/t/inside-mysteries-airline-fares/.UZLPd5UylUQ Smith, A. (2011, March 4). Rising airfares could overtake their 2008 peak Mar. 3, 2011. Retrieved May 14, 2013, from http//money.cnn.com/2011/03/03/pf/saving/rising_airfare/index.htm

Piping

Introduction The term fabrication applies to the cutting, bending, forming, and welding of Individual pipe components to each different and their subsequent heat treatment and nondestructive examination (N DE) to form a unit (piping subassembly) for inst whollyation. The term installation refers to the physical placement of piping subassembly, valves, and other specialty items in their required final location relative to pumps, heat exchangers, turbines, boilers, and other equipment assembly thereto by welding or mechanical methods final NEED heat treatment leak testing ND cleaning and flushing of the ideal Installation.Depending on the economics of the incident situation, fabrication may be accomplished in a commercial pipe fabrication cop, or a state of affairs fabrication shop, where portions of the piping system are fabricated into subassembly or modules for transfer to the location of the final installation. As a general rule piping NAPS 21/2 (DNA 65) and larger for nuclear and fossil power plants, chemical plants, refineries, industrial plants, resource reco very, and generation units are most often shop fabricated. holler NAPS 2 (DNA 50) and littler Is often shop fabricated where special heat treatment or cleaning practices may be required otherwise it is field fabricated. Pipelines and other systems involving farseeing runs of essentially straight pipe sections welded together is usually field assemb conduct. In recent years, the infusion of new bending technologies, new welding processes, new alloys, go bad toughness limitations, and mandatory quality assurance (QUA) programs have made piping fabrication and Installation much more complex than In the past.Greater emphasis Is being placed on written procedures for QUA and quality intro (ICQ) programs, special processes, and qualification and certification of procedures and personnel. Im appropriate selection of fabrication or installation practices can expiration in a system, which will non s hape properly or will fail before its expected life span. Accordingly, fabrication and installation contractors mustiness work closely with the designer and be aware of the mandatory requirements of the applicable statutes, the unique requirements and limitations of the materials, and those of the fabrication and installation techniques being applied.Codes and Standards Considerations A great many codes and standards dupe to piping. It is incumbent on the fabricator and/or Installer to be familiar with the details of these codes and standards since some codes have the force of law, As an example, the homogeneous 331. 1 Power Piping Coded is referenced by SAME Section I Power Boilers for piping classed as Boiler External Piping. The latter that is law in most states, contains rules for code stamping, data reports, and third-party inspection. Piping under SAME Section 1113 also has legal standing. most(prenominal) other piping codes are used for contractual agreements.Most codes preference SAME Section for nondestructive examination methodology and SAME Section XIX for welding requirements. Each of the codes covers a deferent piping practices, some have mandatory requirements, era others only have recommendations. Heat treatment requirements may vary from one to another. The manner in which the code-writing bodies have perceived the hazardous nature of different applications has led to differing NEED requirements. Generally, the codes are reasonably similar, but the owner, designer, fabricator, and installer must meet the specifics of the applicable code to ensure a satisfactory installation.It is essential that the designer be very familiar with the code being used and that purchasing specifications for material, fabrication, and installation be very specific. Reference to the code alone is not sufficient. In the design, a particular allowable stress for a specific material, grade, type, product form, and/or heat-treated condition was selected. The specif ications issued for material purchase and fabrication must reflect these specify to assure that the proper materials and fabrication practices are used. It is also incumbent upon the fabricator and/or installer to be very familiar with the applicable code.Each project should be reviewed in detail. Standard shop practices may not always produce the desired result. Communication between the designer, fabricator, and installer is essential. All should be familiar with the mixed standards used in piping design. Most piping systems are composed of items, which conform to some dimensional standards such as SAME 836. MM and SAME 836. MM for Pipe, 816. 57 for flanges, etc. The Manufacturers standardisation Society (MS) and the American Petroleum Institute (API) issue other dimensional standards.The Pipe Fabrication Institute (IF) publishes a series of Engineering Standards, which outline suggested practices for various fabrication processes. These standards give excellent guidance for many aspects of piping fabrication not covered by the codes. The American Welding Society (SAWS) publishes a tot up of recommended practices for welding of pipe in various materials. Materials Considerations Piping systems are fabricated from a great variety of metals and nonmetals, material selection being a function of the environment and service conditions. Materials must inform to the standards and specifications outlined in the governing code.Some codes such as SAME Section Ill impose additional requirements on materials beyond those in the material specifications. All fabrication and installation practices applied to these materials must be conducted so as to assure that the final installation exhibits all of the properties implicit in the design. For example, hot bending of certain austenite stainless steels in the assassination range will reduce their corrosion resistance if they are not subsequently heat-treated. Accordingly, a heat treatment to restore these properties should be specified.

Roper vs. Simmons

Roper vs. Simmons was one of the few founts in almost devil decades to address whether its constitutional under the eighth and fourteenth amendments to execute a juvenile offender who was over the age of fifteen but under the age of eighteen when he/she committed a not bad(p) iniquity. In 1988, Thompson vs. okeh banned the writ of execution of minors who were sixteen years of age when they committed a capital crime. Another case, Stanford vs. Kentucky (1989), divided the court which eventually rejected that the penning excludes capital punishment for minors of this age group.Roper vs. Simmons overturned the decision in Stanford vs. Kentucky. Only seven countries in the past century select favored execution of minors convicted of capital crimes Iran, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Nigeria, China, and Congo. Before the case many Americans did not think that the execution of minors was considered cruel and unusual punishment if a capital crime was committed, but afterwards the c rime many Americans began to oppose it. Those seven countries have also, since wherefore, prohibited these executions.Christopher Simmons was a junior in high school at the age of seventeen when he committed a pre-meditated murder. Around nine months after the crime was committed when he was eighteen years of age, he was move in court and sentenced to death. Simmons discussed his plan to kill Shirley Crook with his both friends Charles gum benzoin and John Tessemer (ages fifteen and sixteen at the time), resulting from a car accident involving Benjamin and Simmons. Simmons idea was to break in to Mrs. Crooks home, tie her up, and drive her to a bridge where he would throw her off of to her death.Simmons was under the impression that he and his friends could get away with the crime because they were minors. The three boys met around 200 A. M. on the night the murder was committed (September 9th, 1993). Tessemer backed out before the other two boys went on their way (he was charge d with conspiracy at graduation, but the charges were dropped when he testified against Simmons). The two boys proceeded to enter the Crook home by reaching through an distribute window and unlocking their back door. Simmons turned on a hallway light, startling Mrs.Crook as she asked who was there. Simmons then entered her bedroom, recognizing her which he later said was his resolve to murder her. The two boys worked together and used duct tape to cover her eyes and mouth and bound her hands. They took her minivan to a defer park, reinforced her bindings, and covered her head with a towel. They then walked to a railroad trestle over the Meramec River, tied her hands and feet together with electrical wire, and wraped her entire face with duct tape before they threw her into the waters below for her to drown.The good afternoon of September 9th, 1993, Shirleys husband, Steven Crook, returned from an overnight trip and was alarmed by the messy house he came home to without his wife t here to welcome him. After he reported his wife missing, the same afternoon fisherman recovered the victims body form the Meramec River. Simmons apparently had been bragging to his friends about murdering Shirley saying he killed her because the bitch seen my face. The next day, police received information about Simmons involvement the crime and he was arrested at his high school in Fenton, Missouri.Simmons waived his discipline to an attorney and immediately agreed to answer questions. Before the second hour of questioning was over, Simmons had already confessed to murdering Shirley Crook and agreed to perform a video reenactment of the crime. Simmons apologize for the crime he claimed was to avoid his arrest for the recent car accident they both had been involved in. The plead of Missouri charged Simmons with burglary, kidnapping, stealing, and murder in the first degree. Simmons was seventeen years of age at the time, but was tried as an adult.The State immediately sought the death penalty, after Shirley Crooks husband, lady friend and two sisters presented horrifying evidence on how much impact her death had already brought to their lives. Simmons mother, father, two half brothers, neighbor, and friend all pleaded on behalf of his mercy to the court. Simmons lawyer argued that his age should be considered a mitigating factor, but the jury still recommended the death penalty, and the trial judge decided to impose it. About 9 years after the Simmons case had completely run its course, in 2002 Atkins vs.Virginia prohibited the execution of a mentally retarded person, and Simmons tried to file a new petition for state postconviction relief, saying that this made the Constitution prohibit the execution of someone if the crime was committed when they were under 18. This was the second time Simmons had prayered the first being when he claimed he had not received adequate assistance during the trial because additional information regarding his difficult home b ackground, impulsivity, and being easily influenced by others was not presented to the judge (this appeal was rejected). They reviewed the Stanford vs.Kentucky case and agreed that it was no longer valid with influence of international opinion of execution of minors who had committed capital crimes. Justice Anthony Kennedy spoke for the State in March 2005 stating that execution of juveniles who committed crimes before they turned 18 was considered cruel and unusual punishment. Simmons death sentence was then set aside and they resentenced him to bread and butter in prison with no chance of parole, probation, or release without the Governors doing so personally. This case showed very well that the United States is fair to their charge criminals.The court showed this strongly when they thoroughly considered and thought out each appeal that Christopher made to them, and they thoroughly reviewed all of his rights as well. Any other adult would have received the death penalty without questioning, but Simmons got multiple opportunities that people over eighteen would not have gotten. It was surprising that Simmons won the appeal after the Atkins vs. Virginia case because he was not mentally retarded and couldnt exactly relate to the case himself. Murder is murder, and Christopher should not have had as much mitigation because his crime was completely pre-meditated.

Software Engineering Assignments

1.For each of the following documents, request in which phse(s) of the software life cycle it is produced final user manual, architectural design, SQA plan, module specification, source code, recital of work, test plan, preliminary user annual, detailed design, cost estimate, project plan, test report, documentation.2.Order the following tasks in call of the waterfall model acceptance testing, project planning, unit testing, requirements review, cost estimating, high level design, market analysis, subordinate design, systems testing, design review, implementation, requirement specification.3.How does a phased life cycle model assist software management? packet METRICS1.What is McCabes cyclomatic number? Determine the same for2.In Halsteads metrices, what is the significance of (i)operators and operands (ii)potential operands, (iii)Length (iv)Estimated length (v)Volume (vi)Potential volume (vii)Implementation Level3.How is effort and beat calculated in Halstead method?4.Why is th e number of decisions + 1 an important method for calculating McCabes cyclomatic zero(prenominal)? (Ans It would be very time consuming to have to construct the control flow graph for orotund programs).5.Why is monotonicity an important characteristic of a size or effort metric such as Halsteads effort metric? (Ans If adding more code can cause the value of the effort metric to decrease, wherefore the metrics behavior is not understandable. It may also mean that the metric is manipulated).6.Why is complexity not readily measurable? (Ans Complexity is not well defined and each one has different interpretation. It is fundamental interaction between person and code that makes it difficult to define). 7.Calculate McCabes complexity on the following source code. aim a control flow graph. Read x,y,zType = scalene If(x= =y or x= =z or y = =x) type = isosceles If(x= =y or x= =z) type equilateral If(x =y+z or y =x+z or z= x+y)) type not a triangle If(x =0 or y =0 or z

Characteristics of Just Laws And Views Essay

A unsloped constabulary has a number of widely recognized characteristics. A just law is characterized by the followingtreats all people equallyThe notion of par is an important formula of the law. Although a just law may be providing equality it doesnt always occur that way. For example, a wealthy person may be satisfactory to afford profound representation, but those people who fag endt afford legal representation will be disadvantaged and will not discombobulate an equal opportunity before the law.is based on generally held religious or ethical preceptsThe vulgar law legal system is the product of various historical influences, many of which were the religious and moral viewpoints of unalike measures. In todays society, ethics and how they coincide with the law are being replaced by the necessitate for the law to protect society as a whole and consider economic interests.is utilitarianUtilitarianism is the possibleness which suggests the law aims to ensure the greates t possible happiness for the greatest possible number of people.stresses consensus and social viscidness above allDemocracy helps create legal consensus. Democratic processes provide all citizens within the enjoin with the opportunity to develop or create the law. Democratic processes will generally require a bulk or consensus to bring a law into being. Democratic processes are designed to endure the survival and healthy being of the community through stressing consensus.allows for general principles to be mitigated in individual cases Mitigation allows for fairness. The law attempts to treat everyone equally that = everyone in similar situations is taxed the same, everyone who commits the same crime is given the same penalty. However the courts be possessed of discretion to reduce the penalty according to the circumstances. aims to redress inequalitiesIt leaves people freeTo the extent that people do not break the law, a just law will leave people free.It acquires into account of limitations in material resources.It can be invoked without undue delay.A just law should deal with a legal problem or dispute as soon as practicable after that problem or dispute arises. This is because peoples memories fade and so their evidence becomes less reliable as time passes. But this is not always the case, as currently the Australian legal system has lengthy delays and cases take long periods of time to reach the courts.Formal Equality theory side of the actual practice. Here in theory everyone in Australia is treated equally and given the same opportunities Institutionalized equality- this is the practical side to it. Although it seems everyone in Australia is equal there are people in sub groups in society who are part of a minority and arent able to benefit from the opportunities. E.g. of formal equalityEveryone has to rectify to access the law.Everyone has the right to voteequation OF OPPORTUNITY-Equal treatment of people in access to employment and services. . .So everyone has the right to apply for a job. They have equal rights to a safe working environment. (work cover). Everyone has the equal opportunity to access the minimum wage. par BEFORE THE LAW-Everyone is treated equally in their dealings with the law. E.g. The rule of law. So everyone has the implied right to legal representation. all Australian citizens are allowed to contest evidence put forward during court (natural justice cross examination). EQUALITY OF OUTCOMES-A practice whereby the law, policy or precedent aims to ensure that, regardless of educational or socioeconomic undercoat, or inequality of opportunity, the result of certain exercises will be equality..so legal aid, if people arent able to afford legal representation they are given the opportunity to apply for legal aid.Does formal equality before the law hides institutionalized inequality?This relates most to EQUALITY OF OUTCOMES because this area is where the law has its most flaws. Although everyone energy have the same opportunity not everyone is able to understand that system. For example unskilled migrants who come to Australia feeling for a better life think Australia has equal everythingtrue but its not equal if you turn int understand it and arent familiar with it. For example if you come from a non English directing background to Australia and get into trouble with the law or are being framed or a dupe of fraud and exploitation how are you going to access the law and legal representation if you cant speak the language and dont understand the system. Therefore not an equal opportunity.

Cell Theory and Knowledge and Understanding Essay

Explain how the advance in technology allowed the progressive ingathering of knowledge and understanding of the electric cell theory The technological advancements, in the scientific field, have opened opportunities for scientists to stash knowledge and understanding of the cell theory and have thus provided justification to the living organisms that exist. Notably, prior to the device of the cell theory, limited knowledge and understanding of what humans comprised of was evident and thus the theory of spontaneous contemporaries was brought forth.This theory, which has been disproved by Virchow in 1855, suggests that living matter arouses spontaneously from non-living matter. As a consequence of limited technology, legion(predicate) people believed this theory as technological inventions like the light compound microscope, which showed life, were non-existent at the time. Evidently, in 1665, Robert Hooke, an incline scientist, invented his own compound microscope and observed t he cellular nature of the cork.The topic of cells was brought forth and from this moment, in 1674 Leeuwenhoek viewed microscope animalcules and in 1838, Schleiden and Schwann produced the cell theory, stating that all living things are made of cells and cells are the basic unit of organisms. Moreover, the technological introduction of stains were true and assisted scientists to efficiently see cells and their internal structures.This staining technique, as a result of technology, created a line of products between the transparent material and its background, presenting a clear image of the cell. Therefore, through the technology advancement in staining techniques, the processes of the cells and nuclear division of the cell were visible. Significantly, towards the end of the 19th century, compound light microscopes had been developed to a point where the resolving power of microscopes was diminishing, with difficulty in separating objects.The next scientific breakthrough was evide nt as a result of the invention of the electron microscope, in 1933, which had a magnification of up to one million times and can show detailed images of internal structures. Thus, the accumulation of knowledge of the cell theory be radical, present the idea that the advancement of technology has had a tremendous impact on the cell theory.

Night World : Witchlight Chapter 9

Keller reacted instantly and instinctively.She ad expertmentd.She did it on the leap this prison term. Rushing the process along, pushing it from behind. She wanted to be solo a panther by the time she landed on the misss back. yet most social functions cant be rushed. She entangle herself begin to liquefy and flow formlessness pleasure the utter freedom of not world bound to any(prenominal) single physical shape. Then reformation, a stretching of entirely her cells as they reached to become something different, to unfurl alike plainlyterfly wings into a new kind of corpse.Her jump suit misted into the fur that ran along her consistency, up and protrude from the stomach in front, straight down from the nape of her neck in back. Her ears surged and then firmed up, thin-skinned, rounded, and twitching already. From the grip of her spine, her just nowtocks sprang free, its slightly clubbed end whipping eagerly.That was how she landed.She knocked the young woman clean ly over, and they both went rolling on the push down. When they stopped, Keller was crouching on the girls stomach.She didnt want to kill the girl. She needed to go on some things step forward archetypal. What kind of Night Person the girl was, and whod sent her.The only problem was that at integrity time, as she knelt with her applys gripping the girls arms, staring into dark blue check under soft brown- bangs, she couldnt sense anything of the Night World in the girls life energy.Shapeshifters were the uncontested best at that. They could tell a gentlemans gentleman from a Night Person nine times out of ten. And this girl wasnt even in the possibly range. She was giving bump off purely human signals.Not to mention bacchanaliaing. Her intercommunicate was wide open, and so were her eyes, and so were her pupils. Her skin had gone blue-white like someone just about to faint. She lookinginged utterly woolly-headed and horrified, and she wasnt do a move to fight back .Kellers heart sank. s railcarcely if the girl was human and harmless, why hadnt she listened when Keller had shouted at her? Boss, we have to shut her up. It was Winnie, yelling above the girls throaty screams. As usual, Nissa didnt say a word, but she was the one who shut the music room door. By then, Keller had recovered enough to put a hand over the girls mouth. The screaming stopped.Then she looked at the others.They were staring at her. Wide-eyed. Keller felt like a pussycat with its paw in the canary cage. Here she was, sitting on this human girls midriff, in her half(a)-and-half form. Her ears and tail were a panthers, and she was clothed from her snug boots to her shoulders in fur. It fit her like a black velvet jumpsuit, a sleeveless one that left her arms and neck bare. The hair on her head was still a humans and swirled around her to touch the floor on every side.Her formulation was human, too, except for the pupils of her eyes, which were narrow ovals, reacting to e very change of light and shadow. And her teeth. Her canines had become delicately pointed, giving her just the slightest hint of fangs.She blinked at Galen, not sure what she saw in his expression. He was definitely staring at her, and thither was some strong emotion drag his face taut and making that white line around his mouth.Horror? Disgust? He was a shapeshifter himself-or he would be if he could ever bring in up his mind. Hed seen her in panther form. Why should he be shocked at this?The respond flashed back at Keller from some deep part of her brain. save because Im a monster this way. Panthers are part of nature and cant be blamed for what they do. Im a savage thing that doesnt manage to be either an animal or a person.And Im dangerous in this form. Neither half of me is really in control.Someone whos never changed could never understand that.Galen took a step toward her. His jaw was tense, but his gold-green eyes were fixed on hers, and his hand was slightly lifted. Ke ller wondered if it was the gesture of a hostage negotiator. He open his mouth to say something.And Iliana came to life, jumping up and running past him and shrieking at Keller all at once.What are you doing? Thats Jaime What are you doing to her?You know her?Thats Jaime Ashton-Hughes Shes Bretts sister And shes one of my best friends And you attacked her Are you all right?It was all shrieked at approximately the same decibel level, but on the last sentence, Iliana looked down at Jaime.Keller moved her palm from Jaimes mouth. As it turned out, though, that didnt seem to be necessary. Jaime raised her free hand and began to make swift, fluid gestures at Iliana with it.Keller stared, and then her insides plummeted.She let go of the girls other arm, and the gestures immediately became two-handed.Oh. Oh darn.Keller could feel her ears suaveten backward. She looked woefully at Iliana.Sign language?Shes got a hearing impairment Iliana glared at Keller, all the while making gestures bac k at Jaime. Her motions were awkward and stilted compared to Jaimes, but she clearly had some idea what she was doing.I didnt realize.What balance does it make how well she can hear? Diana yelled. Shes my friend Shes president of the senior class Shes chair for the Christmas realise bazaar What did she do to you, ask you to buy a teddy bear?Keller sighed. Her tail was tucked up close to her body, almost between her legs, and her ears were flatter than ever. She climbed off Jaime, who immediately scooted backward and away from her, still public lecture rapidly with her hold to Diana.The remnant, Keller said, is that she didnt stop when I told her to. I yelled at her, but I didnt realize. Look, just tell her Im sad, will you?You tell her Dont talk about her as if she isnt present. Jaime can lip-read just comely if you bother to face her. Diana turned to Jaime again. Im sorry. Please dont be mad. This is terrible-and I dont know how to explain. grass you breathe now?Jaime nodd ed slowly. Her dark blue eyes slid to Keller, then back to Diana. She spoke in a hushed voice. Although it was flat in tone and some of the sounds were indistinct, it was actually rather pleasant. And the words were perfectly understandable.What is it? she asked Diana. Meaning Keller.But then, earlier Diana could answer, Jaime caught herself. She bit her lip, looked at the floor for a moment, then braced herself and looked at Keller again. She was frightened, her body was shrinking, but this time her eyes met Kellers directly.What are you?Keller opened her mouth and shut it again.A hand closed on her shoulder. It was warm, and it exerted design pressure for an instant. Then it pulled away, maybe as if revolted because it was resting on fur.Shes a person, Galen said, kneeling down beside Jaime. She may look a little different right now, but shes as much of a person as you are. And you have to believe that she didnt mean to hurt you. She made a mistake. She thought you were an enemy , and she reacted.An enemy? There was something about Galen. Jaime had relaxed almost as soon as he got down on her level. Now she was lecture to him freely, her hands flying gracefully as she spoke aloud, emphasizing her words. Her face was pretty when it wasnt blue with suffocation, Keller noticed. What are you talking about? What kind of enemy? Who are you people? I havent seen you around school before.She thought-well, she thought you were difference to hurt Diana. There are some people who are trying to do that.Jaimes face changed. terms Diana? Who? Theyd better not even tryWinnie had been twitching throughout this. Now she muttered, BossIt doesnt matter, Keller said quietly. Nissas dismission to have to blank her retrospect anyway. It was too bad, in a way, because this girls reaction to the Night World was one of the most sensible Keller had ever seen. But it couldnt be helped.Keller didnt look at Diana as she spoke sheknew there was going to be an argument. But before it started, she had one final thing to say.Jaime? She moved and got instant attention. Im sorry. Really. Im sorry I frightened you. And Im really sorry if I hurt you. She stood up, not waiting to see if she was forgiven. What difference did it make? What was done was already done, and what was about to happen was inevitable. She didnt expect to be forgiven, and she didnt care. That was what she told herself, anyway.Diana did argue. Keller tried not to let Jaime see much of it, because that would only make her more stimulate and miserable, and the end really was inescapable. Leaving her memory intact would be dangerous not only for Iliana but for Jaime herself.Its death for a human to find out about the Night World, Keller said flatly. And its worse than death if the dragon and his friends think shes got any study about the Wild Power. You dont want to know what theyll do to try and germinate it out of her, Iliana. I pledge you dont.And, finally, Iliana gave in, as Keller had kn own she would have to from the beginning. Nissa moved up behind Jaime like a whisper and a shadow and touched her on the side of her neck.Although witches were the experts at brainwashing, at inserting new ideas and convictions, vampires were the best at wiping the intend clean. They didnt use spells. It was something they were born with, the power to put their victim into a trance and smooth away hours or even days of memoiy. Jaime looked into Nissas silvery-brown eyes for maybe seventy seconds, and then her own blue eyes shut, and her body went limp. Galen caught her as she feU.Shell wake up in a few minutes. Its probably best if we leave her here and get out, Nissa said. Lunch is over, anyway, Keller said. In the quiet minutes while Jaime was being hypnotized, Keller had finally managed to convince her body that there was no danger. It was only then that she could relax enough to change back.Her ears collapsed, her tail retracted. Her fur misted into jumpsuit and skin. She blink ed twice, noticing the difference in brightness as her pupils changed, and the tips of her fangs melted into ordinary teeth. She stood up, shifting her shoulders to get used to the human body again.They were all subdued as they escorted Iliana back to classes. The quietest of all was Keller.She had overreacted, let her animal senses throw her into a panic. It wasnt the first time in her life. The first time in her life had been when she was about three but better not to think about that. Anyway, it wasnt even the first time in her career as an agent for Circle Daybreak.An agent had to be ready for anything at any moment. Had to have radar running, in front, in back, and on all sides, all the time, and be prepared to react instinctively at the slightest stimulus. If that sometimes caused mistakes-well, it also saved lives.And she wasnt sorry. If she had to do it over, shed do it again. Better one nice brown-haired girl scared than Iliana hurt. Better, Keller thought withbleak defianc e, one nice brown-haired girl killed than Iliana in the hands of the enemy. Iliana represented the upcoming of the entire daylight world.ButMaybe she was getting too old for this kind of job. Or maybe too jumpy.Iliana sat moodily during afternoon classes, like a fairy whod lost her flower. Keller noticed Winnie and Nissa being extra vigilant-just in case their boss got preoccupied. She flashed them a sarcastic look. You waiting for me to slack off? She poked Nissa in the ribs. Dont hold your breath.They smiled, knowing theyd been thanked.And GalenKeller didnt want to think about Galen. He sat quietly but intently through each class, and she could tell his senses were expanded. He didnt try to speak to her, didnt even look at her. But Keller noticed that every so often he rubbed his palm against his jeans.And she remembered the way his hand had pulled back from her shoulder. As if hed touched something hot.Or something repulsiveKeller gritted her teeth and stared at various blackboa rds with dry and burning eyes.When the last doorbell finally rang, she made the whole group wait in the chemistry classroom while the school emptied out. Iliana watched and silently steamed as her friends all left without her. Even the teacher packed up and disappeared.Can we go now?No. Keller stood at the second-story window, looking down. All right, so Im a tyrant, she thought. A nasty, unsympathetic, whip-wielding potentate who jumps on innocent girls and wont let people out of school. I like being that way.Iliana wouldnt argue. She stood rigidly a few feet away, looking out the window herself but refusing to acknowledge Kellers presence.Finally, Keller said, All right. Nissa, get the car.Galen said, Ill do it.The answer to that, of course, was, No way. But Galen was going on.Its something useful I can do. Ive been standing around all day, deprivation I was trained at something. At least driving I can handle. And if anybody comes after me, I can run fast.The answer to that was still no. But Keller couldnt bring herself to say it, because she couldnt bring herself to face him for a long debate. She was afraid of what she might see in the depths of those gold-green eyes.It would be funny if shed managed to turn the prince of the shapeshifters off from shapeshifting altogether. Wouldnt it?Go on, she said to Galen, still looking down onto the circular driveway in front of the school. after(prenominal) he had gone, she said to Nissa, Follow him.That was how everyone happened to be where they were in the next few minutes.Keller and Iliana were at the window, staring out at a cool gray sky. Winnie was at the door to the chemistry room, watching the hallway. Galen was a floor beneath them somewhere inside the school, and Nissa was a discreet distance behind him. And standing beside the circular driveway, simply waiting for a ride, was a girl with familiar brown hair. She was reading a book that didnt look like a textbook.Jaime.It all happened very fast, but th ere were still distinct stages of warning. Keller was aware of them all. The first thing she noticed was a blue-green car that cruised down the street in front of the advanced school. It was going slowly, and she narrowed her eyes, trying to catch a glimpse of the driver.She couldnt The car passed on.I should make her get away from the window, Keller thought. This wasnt as obvious a conclusion as it seemed. The Night People werent in the function of using sharpshooters to pick off their targets.But it was still probably a good idea. Keller was tiredly porta her mouth to say it when something caught her attention.The blue-green car was back. It was at the exit of the circular driveway, stopped but confront the wrong way, as if it were about to enter.As Keller watched, it revved its engine.Keller felt her hairs prickle.But it didnt make any sense. Why on earth would Night People want to park there and draw attention to themselves? It had to be some human kids acting up.Hiana was f rowning. She had stopped tracingpatterns in the dust on the windowsill. Whos that? I dont know that car.Alarms.But stillThe car roared again and started moving. Coming the wrong way along the driveway.And Jaime, right below them, didnt look up.Diana realized at the same time Keller did.Jaime She screamed it and pounded the window with one small fist. It didnt do the slightest good, of course.Beside her, Keller stood frozen and furious.The car was picking up speed, heading straight for Jaime.There was nothing to do. Nothing. Keller could never get down there fast enough. It was all going to be over in a second.But it was horrible. That giant alloy thing, tons of steel, was going to hit about a hundred and ten pounds of human flesh.Jaime It was a scream torn from Diana.Below, Jaime finally looked up. But it was too late.